Analysis of Adolescent Nutritional Status Based on Food Consumption Patterns and Physical Activity at Muhammadiyah Senior High School in Bima Cit
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64479/ijoherd.v1i1.79Keywords:
nutritional status, adolescents, food consumption patterns, physical activity, anemiaAbstract
Adolescence is a critical period of rapid growth and development that requires adequate nutritional intake and balanced physical activity to achieve optimal health outcomes; however, nutritional problems such as energy deficiency, anemia, and imbalanced nutrient intake remain significant public health concerns in Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze the nutritional status of adolescents based on food consumption patterns and physical activity at Muhammadiyah Senior High School in Bima City using a descriptive analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 20 adolescents aged 16–19 years were selected through purposive sampling, and data were collected using anthropometric measurements, a 24-hour food recall, and a physical activity questionnaire. The findings revealed that most respondents experienced deficiencies in energy, protein, carbohydrates, fat, and iron intake, with low iron consumption increasing the risk of anemia, particularly among female adolescents. In addition, irregular eating habits, low dietary diversity, and imbalances between energy intake and physical activity were commonly observed. Although the majority of respondents had normal nutritional status, cases of undernutrition and overweight/obesity were also identified, indicating the presence of a double burden of malnutrition. Statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between dietary patterns and nutritional status (p < 0.05), highlighting the importance of proper eating habits in maintaining adolescent health. Therefore, comprehensive interventions, including nutrition education, promotion of balanced diets, and appropriate physical activity, are essential to improve adolescent nutritional status and support the development of effective school-based nutrition programs.
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